Hepato – Pancreato – Biliary Surgery (HPB System Surgery)

Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary (HPB) Surgery is a specialised field of surgery that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of diseases related to vital organs and systems such as the liver, pancreas and biliary tract. This field has achieved significant success in recent years thanks to advances in technology and surgical techniques. HPB surgery is considered to be a combination of surgical oncology, transplantation and gastrointestinal surgery and is therefore a highly complex and challenging field. In this article we have prepared for you, we will try to answer the questions about Hepato – Pancreato – Biliary Surgery (HPB System Surgery).

What is Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery?

Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary (HPB) Surgery is a field that includes surgical procedures for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of organs and systems such as the liver, pancreas and biliary tract. This branch of surgery plays an important role especially in the treatment of cancerous diseases. HPB surgery aims to improve the quality of life of patients by using innovative and effective treatment methods such as advanced laparoscopic and robotic surgical techniques, living donor liver transplantation and pancreas transplantation.

What is Hepatobiliary Cancer?

Hepatobiliary cancer is malignant tumors originating from the liver and biliary tract. These types of cancer are common worldwide and can lead to fatal consequences. Hepatobiliary cancer is usually divided into two main types: hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (bile duct cancer). Early diagnosis and effective treatment of these cancers significantly affect the duration and quality of life of patients.

In Which Problems Are Hepatobiliary Surgical Methods Used?

Hepatobiliary surgical methods can be used to treat various problems such as :

• Liver and biliary tract cancers,
• pancreatic cancer
• Liver cirrhosis and liver failure,
• Gallstones and biliary obstructions,
• Pancreatitis and pancreatic cysts,

How is pancreatic cancer treated?

Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive type of cancer that starts in pancreatic cells and spreads rapidly. Since it is difficult to diagnose early, pancreatic cancer is usually detected in advanced stages and becomes difficult to treat. Pancreatic cancer treatment varies depending on the stage of the cancer, the patient’s general health and age. The main treatment options are as follows:

If the cancer is diagnosed at an early stage and is confined to the pancreas, it is possible to completely remove the tumour with surgery. Surgical options include the Whipple procedure, distal pancreatectomy and total pancreatectomy. However, these operations are high risk and should be performed by experienced surgeons.

Radiation therapy tries to kill cancer cells or slow their growth by using high-energy X-rays or protons. Radiation therapy can be given before or after surgery and may be combined with chemotherapy.

Chemotherapy uses drugs that stop or slow the growth of cancer cells. Chemotherapy is often used to treat pancreatic cancer and can be used with different combinations of drugs. Chemotherapy can be used before or after surgery, in combination with radiation therapy or as palliative treatment.

Targeted therapy uses drugs that target specific characteristics of cancer cells. These drugs try to prevent or slow the growth and spread of cancer cells. Targeted drugs used in pancreatic cancer include erlotinib and everolimus.

Immunotherapy stimulates the body’s immune system to fight against cancer. Immunotherapy drugs used to treat pancreatic cancer include pembrolizumab and nivolumab.

How is liver cancer treated?

Liver cancer is a type of cancer that starts in liver cells and spreads rapidly. Liver cancer treatment varies depending on the stage of the cancer, the general health status and age of the patient. The main treatment options can be listed as follows;

If the cancer is diagnosed at an early stage and is confined to the liver, surgical removal of the tumour or removal of part of the liver (partial hepatectomy) is possible. Liver transplantation may also be an option for suitable patients.

Ablation therapy uses methods such as radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation or cryoablation to destroy cancer cells. These methods allow the tumour to penetrate without causing damage.

Embolization therapy cuts off the blood supply to the cancer cells and prevents the tumour from feeding. These methods include transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), radioembolization and arterial embolization.

Radiation therapy uses high-energy X-rays to kill cancer cells or slow their growth. External radiotherapy or internal radiotherapy (brachytherapy) can be used in liver cancer.

Drugs used to treat liver cancer include chemotherapy and targeted therapy. These drugs try to prevent or slow the growth and spread of cancer cells.

Immunotherapy stimulates the body’s immune system to fight against cancer. Immunotherapy drugs used to treat liver cancer include pembrolizumab, nivolumab and ipilimumab.

What is a bile duct cyst?

A bile duct cyst is a condition in which there are abnormal enlargements of the bile ducts. Bile ducts are tubes that carry bile from the liver to the gallbladder and small intestine. Bile duct cysts can block the flow of bile and cause infection, liver damage or cancer.

Symptoms of bile duct cysts include abdominal pain, jaundice, fever and vomiting. Bile duct cysts are diagnosed using imaging methods such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).

Treatment of bile duct cysts is usually surgical. Surgery is performed to remove the cyst, reconstruct the bile duct and restore bile flow. Surgical treatment helps prevent and treat complications caused by bile duct cysts.

What Causes Gallbladder Problems?

The gallbladder is a small organ where bile produced by the liver is stored and concentrated. Bile is a fluid that aids in the digestion of fats and contributes to the elimination of waste substances. Gallbladder problems can occur for various reasons and this can negatively affect the quality of life of the person. The main causes of gallbladder problems can be listed as follows;

• The most common cause of gallbladder problems is gallstones. Gallstones are small solid structures formed by bile that hardens and crystallises in the gallbladder. Gallstones can cause obstruction in the gallbladder or bile duct, causing pain and inflammation.

• Inflammation of the gallbladder is called cholecystitis. Cholecystitis is usually caused by gallstones and can cause swelling of the gallbladder, pain and fever. Cholecystitis can be acute or chronic.

• They are small, usually harmless growths that form on the lining of the gallbladder. They often show no symptoms and are detected by chance. However, large polyps can cause problems by blocking the flow of bile.

• Although rare, gallbladder cancer can also cause gallbladder problems. Gallbladder cancer is difficult to treat as it is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage.

• This condition is defined as impaired bile flow due to irregular contraction of the gallbladder. Biliary dyskinesia can result in gallbladder pain and digestive problems.

Treatment Procedures for Bile Related Problems

Treatment of problems with bile varies depending upon the type and severity of the problem. It is possible to list the treatment procedures for bile-related problems as follows;

• Small gallstones usually do not cause symptoms and do not require treatment. However, when large gallstones cause pain and obstruction, surgical intervention may be required. This procedure, called cholecystectomy, is the surgical removal of the gallbladder.

• Acute cholecystitis can be controlled with antibiotic treatment and painkillers. In the case of chronic cholecystitis, surgical removal of the gallbladder may be necessary.

• Small polyps usually do not require treatment and can be kept under control with regular follow-up. Large polyps can be treated with cholecystectomy when they obstruct the flow of bile or carry a risk of cancer.

• Treatment of gallbladder cancer varies depending on the stage and spread of the cancer. Treatment with methods such as surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy can be applied.

• Lifestyle changes such as dietary changes, medications and stress management play an important role in the treatment of biliary dyskinesia. If pain and symptoms cannot be controlled, cholecystectomy may be considered.

Hepato – Pancreato – Biliary Treatment Prices in Turkey

Turkey has managed to announce its name to the world with its investments and studies in the field of health. Especially the latest technological devices used in diagnosis and treatment procedures have been a beacon of hope for many diseases. However, there has been an increase in health tourism in Türkiye.

• Hospitals are large, clean, spacious and fully equipped in terms of technological equipment.
• Turkish doctors are specialized, successful, and skilled in their fields.
• Nurses and carers are friendly and compassionate.
• Finding answers to the questions asked quickly and accurately.
• Patience and understanding of all staff, including the intermediary company dealing with the patient.
• Turkey offers holiday opportunities with its natural and historical beauties.
• Easy transportation.
• Diagnosis, treatment, accommodation, eating, drinking, dressing, and holiday needs can be met at affordable prices.

Such situations are shown among the reasons for preference. Hepato – Pancreato – Biliary Treatment Prices in Turkey, we can see that patients and relatives of patients who want to come to Turkey are doing research. However, it would not be right to give clear price information at this stage. Many factors such as the type of disease, stage, diagnosis process, treatment process, and stay in Türkiye affect the price issue. If you want to get more detailed price information, you can contact us. In addition, if you come to Turkey for treatment through us, we can facilitate your visa application process with the invitation letter sent by us to the consulate.

Prof. Dr. Ergün Dağlıoğlu

Prof.Dr. Ergün Dağlıoğlu (Eğitim Görevlisi), Beyin Cerrahı, Beyin Ve Sinir Cerrahisi

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